Mastitis: Overview, Symptoms and Causes

Overview

Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the breast tissue that can transform what should be a nurturing feeding experience into a serious health concern requiring medical attention. While most commonly affecting breastfeeding parents in the first six months postpartum, this condition impacts approximately 20% of lactating individuals and requires prompt medical care to prevent complications.

The postpartum period brings numerous physical changes, and mastitis represents one of the more serious complications that can arise. At Mendwell Pelvic Health, we recognize the importance of education and prevention in supporting breast health during the postpartum journey. While mastitis requires medical treatment, understanding risk factors and preventive strategies can help reduce its occurrence and support overall postpartum recovery.

Early recognition of symptoms and proper medical care are essential for managing mastitis effectively. Physical therapy can play a supportive role in prevention and postpartum recovery, particularly in addressing underlying factors that may contribute to breast health challenges.

Symptoms

Recognizing mastitis symptoms early is crucial for seeking appropriate medical care:

Breast tissue changes that require medical attention:

• Intense pain and significant swelling, often with a firm, hot area that feels markedly different from surrounding tissue
• A distinctive red, wedge-shaped pattern on the skin that may feel warm to touch
• Significant changes in breast texture
• Unusual nipple discharge

Systemic symptoms requiring prompt medical care:

• Fever over 101.3°F (38.5°C)
• Severe chills and flu-like symptoms that develop rapidly
• Profound fatigue beyond normal postpartum exhaustion
• Body aches and malaise that interfere with daily activities

Causes

Understanding the factors that contribute to mastitis can help in prevention:

Common Risk Factors:

• Ineffective milk drainage from poor positioning or scheduling challenges
• Previous episodes of blocked ducts or breast inflammation
• Fatigue and stress affecting immune function
• Restricted movement patterns affecting breast tissue health

Physical Contributors:

• Pressure points from ill-fitting garments
• Tissue restrictions that may affect milk flow
• Postural patterns that impact breast tissue health
• Previous breast surgeries or tissue changes

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if I have mastitis versus a blocked duct?
‍Mastitis typically involves systemic symptoms like fever and significant flu-like symptoms, along with more severe breast changes. If you develop these symptoms, seek immediate medical care. Blocked ducts, while uncomfortable, usually don't cause systemic illness.

When should I seek medical care for breast symptoms?
‍Seek immediate medical attention if you develop fever, severe breast pain or redness, flu-like symptoms, or unusual breast changes. These symptoms require prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

Can physical therapy help prevent mastitis?
While physical therapy cannot treat active mastitis, it can help prevent its occurrence by addressing contributing factors like positioning, movement patterns, and tissue restrictions that may affect breast health.

How can I prevent mastitis while recovering from birth?
Prevention strategies include maintaining good feeding positions, avoiding restrictive clothing, staying hydrated, and addressing early signs of discomfort. Physical therapy can support these preventive measures through education and movement guidance.