Understanding Adenomyosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Overview

Adenomyosis occurs when the inner lining of the uterus grows into its muscular wall, leading to a thickened uterine wall and often causing painful periods and chronic pelvic discomfort. This complex but treatable condition can significantly impact daily life, but with proper care and support, many people find effective ways to manage their symptoms.

Research suggests that adenomyosis affects 20-35% of people with uteruses, though this number may be higher due to historical underdiagnosis. Most commonly diagnosed during reproductive years, particularly between ages 30-50, adenomyosis can coexist with other pelvic health conditions. While some may experience severe symptoms, others might have milder manifestations or even be asymptomatic.

The good news is that various treatment options, including pelvic floor physical therapy, can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Understanding this condition is the first step toward finding relief and developing an effective management strategy.

Symptoms

Living with adenomyosis can present various challenges, as symptoms often fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle. Common experiences include:

Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding often serves as one of the most noticeable signs, potentially leading to fatigue and affecting daily activities. Many people also report significant menstrual cramping that differs from typical period pain in its intensity or duration.

Chronic pelvic pain may persist even outside of menstruation, often described as a deep, aching sensation. This discomfort might worsen with certain activities or positions. Additional symptoms can include:

• Lower back pain that intensifies during menstruation or physical activity
• Pain during sexual activity, which may persist afterward
• A sensation of pressure or heaviness in the pelvic region
• Changes in bladder and bowel patterns, particularly during menstruation
• Bloating and abdominal tenderness that may worsen as the day progresses

Causes

Several factors contribute to the development of adenomyosis. The primary mechanism involves the breakdown of normal tissue boundaries within the uterus, allowing endometrial tissue to grow where it shouldn't. This process can be influenced by:

Hormonal fluctuations play a significant role, particularly estrogen levels which can affect tissue growth and inflammation. Previous uterine surgeries or cesarean deliveries may increase the risk, possibly due to disruption of the normal uterine wall structure.

Inflammatory processes within the uterus can contribute to tissue migration and growth, while genetic factors may predispose some individuals to develop the condition. Multiple pregnancies may also increase the likelihood of developing adenomyosis, though the exact mechanism isn't fully understood.

How Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy Can Help

At Mendwell Pelvic Health, we take a comprehensive approach to treating adenomyosis symptoms through specialized pelvic floor physical therapy. Our treatment strategies focus on both immediate symptom relief and long-term management techniques.

Our experienced physical therapists work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan that may include:

Manual Therapy: Gentle, targeted techniques help release tension in the pelvic floor muscles and surrounding tissues, reducing pain and improving function. This might include external and internal techniques, always based on your comfort and consent.

Education and Self-Management: We empower you with understanding about your condition and teach practical strategies for managing symptoms at home, including:

• Breathing techniques for pain management
• Proper posture and movement patterns
• Stress reduction strategies
• Activity modification during symptom flares

Movement and Exercise: Carefully selected exercises help improve core stability, reduce pain, and enhance overall function. We ensure all movements are appropriate for your specific situation and symptoms.

Frequently Asked Questions

What makes adenomyosis pain different from regular menstrual cramps?
‍Adenomyosis pain often feels deeper and more severe than typical menstrual cramping, frequently lasting longer and potentially occurring throughout the month rather than just during menstruation.

How quickly can I expect relief from pelvic floor physical therapy?
‍While experiences vary, many patients report noticing improvements in pain levels and function within 6-8 sessions. We'll work with you to establish realistic goals and timelines based on your specific situation.

Can I continue physical therapy during my period?
‍Yes, therapy can continue during menstruation and may actually provide relief from menstrual symptoms. We'll modify treatment approaches as needed based on your comfort and symptom levels.

Does pelvic floor physical therapy work alongside other treatments?
‍Absolutely. Our approach complements medical management, including hormonal treatments or surgical interventions. We coordinate with your healthcare team to ensure comprehensive care.